妨害传染病防治罪的主观罪过认定——基于限缩解释论的立场

Subjective Fault Determination of the Crime of Hindering the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases——From the Perspective of Limited Interpretation

刑法解释学关于主观罪过的分析,直接影响各类罪名的构成与否。关于妨害传染病防治罪的主观罪过,存在基于“混合说”“过失说”“故意说”等不同的解释方法;而自新冠肺炎疫情发生以来,实务中认定该罪的案例在增加,但其主观罪过形式的模糊致使该罪的适用出现问题。本文基于限缩解释的立场,对妨害传染病防治罪的构成要件要素、罪过认定的标准进行实质解释,并论证了该罪的主观罪过应限缩为故意的合理性。

The analysis of subjective guilt in the hermeneutics of criminal law directly affects the constitution of all kinds of charges.There are different interpretations for the subjective crime of hindering the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases based on mixed theory,negligence theory,intentional theory and so on.Since the outbreak of COVID-19,the number of cases identified as this crime has increased in practice,but the ambiguity of the form of subjective guilt has caused problems in the application of this crime.From the perspective of limited interpretation,this paper gives a substantial explanation of the constitutive elements and the determination standad of of the crime,and demonstrates the rationality that the subjective fault of this crime should be limited to intention.