从《南部档案》看清代仵作职业制度

Review on the Career System of Post-mortem Examiners in Qing Dynasty Based on The Archives of Nanbu County

我国仵作职业历史悠久,至清代已臻完备。从《南部档案》可见,清代仵作的职位设置、招募培养、考核审查、经济待遇及社会地位等均有明文规定,其职业范畴也从殓葬逐渐演变为验尸、验伤等而已具法医雏形,其检验手段和技术对现代法医也有不少启示。

The occupation of post-mortem?examiner has a long history,which was gradually prefected in the Qing Dynasty.In The?Archives?of?Nanbu?County,there are explicit rules for the post establishmet,recruitment and training,examination and review,economic treatment and social status of post-mortem?examiners in Qing Dynasty.The working duties evolved from burial to coroner and injury detection,and thus began to form the prototype of forensic coroner.Its detection and techniques provided a lot of enlightenment to the development of modern forensics.