2011-2020年上海松江区手足口病的流行病学特征和时空聚集

Epidemiological characteristics and temporal and spatial aggregation of hand,foot and mouth disease in Songjiang,Shanghai from 2011 to 2020

目的:描述手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)在上海松江区各街道/镇层面的流行病学与时空之间的分布特征。方法:从国家疾病监测系统中收集2011-2020年HFMD监测报告的数据来分析统计HFMD流行病集群和时空分布。结果:2011-2020年上海松江区HFMD的年均发病率为211.13/10万,92.60%的HFMD病例发病年龄在0~6岁之间,患者中男性占60.08%。HFMD的季节性高峰期在5-10月。HFMD的发病在街道/镇之间的分布是不均匀的,10年间有5个街道/镇发病率高于全区平均水平。HFMD病例主要集中在城乡边缘地区与人口稠密地区。结论:每年5月至10月,上海松江区城乡边缘地区与人口稠密地区是HFMD的高发地区;学龄前儿童是重点防治人群。提示上海松江区HFMD的防控工作应重点关注这些高危时段、高发地区和重点人群,注意公共卫生资源的配置。

Objective:To describe the distribution characteristics between epidemiology and time and space of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)at the sub district/town levels in Songjiang District,Shanghai.Methods:HFMD surveillance and reporting data were collected from the national disease surveillance system for the period 2011-2020 to analyse statistical HFMD epidemic clusters and temporal and spatial distribution.Results:From 2011 to 2020,the average annual incidence of HFMD cases in Songjiang District was 211.13/100000,92.60%of HFMD cases occurred between 0 and 6 years old,and men accounted for 60.08%.The seasonal peak was between May and October.The incidence of HFMD was unevenly distributed among sub districts/towns,and the incidence rate of 5 sub districts/towns was higher than that of the whole district in 10 years.HFMD cases were mainly concentrated in the rural and urban fringe areas and in densely populated areas.Conclusion:The main locations of HFMD are the rural and urban fringe areas and the densely populated areas of Songjiang District,Shanghai between May and October;preschool children are the key population for prevention and treatment.It is suggested that the prevention and control of HFMD in Songjiang District of Shanghai should focus on these high-risk periods,high-risk areas and key groups,and pay attention to the allocation of public health resources.