预防接种家长课堂的效果评估

Evaluation on the Effect of Vaccination in Parents’Classroom in Jing’an District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市静安区开展预防接种家长课堂的效果,及时发现开展过程中的问题,以便对家长课堂开设的不足之处及时整改。方法采用方便抽样的方法,根据自愿原则将静安区1100名≤3月龄儿童的家长分为干预组和对照组,每组550人。对照组仅给予门诊常规宣教,干预组除进行门诊常规宣教外还参加家长课堂现场活动。比较两组家长的疫苗相关知识认知程度和疫苗接种倾向,并评估家长课堂的开展效果。结果在疫苗相关知识的认知上,两组家长大多数题目的正确率都在95%以上,“不良反应发生时间”的认知正确率均低于80%。干预组对于“一类疫苗是否收费”的认知正确率高于对照组(P<0.05),对于肺炎疫苗的意愿接种率高于对照组(P<0.05),对国产疫苗的信任度低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者对于进口疫苗的信任度没有差别。结论预防接种家长课堂对≤3月龄幼儿的家长在疫苗相关知识的认知和疫苗接种倾向方面有一定的干预效果。家长对课堂比较满意,对于不良反应的发生及国产疫苗的宣教还需要进一步加强。成年人有接种疫苗的意识,还需进一步宣教落实到行动之中。

Objective To understand the effect of parents’class in Jing’an District of Shanghai to identify and correct the deficiencies in the process in time.Methods According to the principle of voluntariness,1100 parents of children under 3 months old in Jing’an District were divided into intervention group and control group by convenience sampling,with 550 in each group.The control group was only given routine outpatient education,while the intervention group was given routine outpatient education and parents’classroom activities.The parents’awareness of vaccine related knowledge and vaccination tendency were compared between the two groups,and the effect of parents’classroom teaching was evaluated.Results In the cognition of vaccine related knowledge,the correct rate of most questions of parents in the two groups was more than 95%,and the cognitive correct rate of“adverse reaction time”was less than 80%.The correct rate of cognition of“whether the first class vaccine is charged”in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the willingness vaccination rate of pneumonia vaccine in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the trust of domestic vaccine in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The parents’classroom intervention had a certain effect on parents’cognition of vaccine related knowledge and vaccination tendency.After the intervention,the parents were satisfied with the classroom,and the adverse reactions and the propaganda and education of domestic vaccines need to be further strengthened.Adults have the awareness of vaccination and need further education and action.