三明市儿童与青少年近视状况分析

Analysis on the Prevalence of Myopia Among Children and Adolescents in Sanming City

目的分析三明市儿童与青少年的近视情况,为采取针对性防控措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,对三明市12所学校、4所幼儿园学生进行视力测定,并对数据进行分析。结果共调查5235人,检出近视2628人,近视检出率为50.20%。女生近视检出率高于男生(χ2=17.69,P<0.05)。幼儿园儿童近视检出率为18.27%,小学生为31.77%,初中生为69.27%,普通高中生为84.83%,职业高中生为68.13%。近视检出率呈年龄、地区差异;小学一年级近视检出率最低(14.81%),高中二年级最高(81.38%)。结论三明市儿童与青少年近视检出率处于较高水平,要采取综合防控措施,培养他们良好的行为生活方式。

Objective To analyze the situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Sanming City,and to provide basis for taking targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to test the visual acuity of 12 schools and 4 kindergartens in Sanming,and the data were analyzed.Results Among 5235 people surveyed,a total of 2628 people were found to have myopia,and the detection rate of myopia was 50.20%.The detection rate of myopia in girls was higher than that in boys(χ2=17.69,P<0.05)。The detection rate of myopia was 18.27%in kindergartens,31.77%in primary school students,69.27%in junior high school students,84.83%in ordinary high school students,and 68.13%in vocational high school students.The detection rate of myopia was different in age and region;the detection rate of myopia was the lowest in the first grade of primary school(14.81%),and the highest in the second grade of high school(81.38%).The detection rate of myopia was the lowest in 6-year-old group(14.04%),and the highest in 16-year-old group(83.51%).Conclusion The detection rate of myopia among children and adolescents in Sanming City in 2019 is still at a high level.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to cultivate students’good behavior and lifestyle.