重庆市荣昌区噪声作业工人健康体检听力监测结果分析

Analysis of hearing monitoring results of physical checkup of workers exposed to noise in Rongchang District,Chongqing

目的分析重庆市荣昌区噪声作业工人健康体检听力监测结果及其影响因素。方法选择进行听力监测的噪声作业工人1339例进行研究。所有调查对象均进行纯音听阈检查,收集患者性别、年龄等可能影响听力的因素,分析重庆市荣昌区噪声作业工人听力损失的影响因素。结果本研究1339例噪声作业工人出现听力损失583例(43.54%)。听力损失组和无听力损失组性别、年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、噪声作业工龄、文化程度、佩戴防护耳塞情况、吸烟史、饮酒史比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:男性、年龄51~60岁、BMI≥25、噪声作业工龄21~30年、文化程度初中及以下、无佩戴防护耳塞及有饮酒史为重庆市荣昌区噪声作业工人听力损失的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论重庆市荣昌区噪声作业工人听力损失情况突出,性别、年龄、BMI、噪声作业功率、文化程度、佩戴防护耳塞、饮酒史是噪声作业工人听力损失的影响因素,干预上述因素可以保护噪声作业工人听力。

Objective To analyze the hearing monitoring results of physical checkup and influencing factors of noise-exposed workers in Rongchang District,Chongqing.Methods A total of 1339 noise-exposed workers for hearing monitoring were selected for the study.All survey subjects underwent pure tone hearing threshold examination,and the factors that might affect hearing,such as gender and age,of patients were collected,to analyze the influencing factors of the hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in Rongchang District,Chongqing.Results Among 1339 patients in this study,583(43.54%)had hearing loss.There were significant differences between the hearing loss group and the non-hearing loss group with respect to gender,age,body mass index(BMI),length of service in noise work,educational level,wearing protective earplugs,smoking history,drinking history(P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male,age of 51-60 years,BMI≥25,length of service in noise work for 21-30 years,education level of junior middle school and below,no wearing protective earplugs,drinking history were the risk factors of hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in Rongchang District of Chongqing(P<0.05).Conclusion The hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in Rongchang District of Chongqing is a prominent symptom.Gender,age,BMI,noise power,educational level,wearing protective earplugs,drinking history are the influencing factors of hearing loss of noise-exposed workers.Intervention of the above factors can protect the hearing of noise-exposed workers.