解构与重构:农村体育盛会变迁的人类学阐释

Deconstruction and Reconstruction:An Anthropological Interpretation of the Changes of Rural Sporting Events

运用文献资料和田野调查等研究方法以及人类学相关理论,以安徽省知村为主要案例,研究农村体育盛会的变迁。基于民族志文本书写,近30年农村体育盛会经历早期平等化阶段、中期阶层化阶段和后期功利化阶段,对各阶段的结构进行解构:早期表现为娱乐与团结的全员体育盛会,中期呈现为彰显与分化的精英体育盛会,后期体现为引进与固化的内守体育盛会。建议通过强化符号、完善结构、重拾功能、优化效益等策略,从而重构农村体育盛会的结构,塑造和谐共生的乡土文化。

By using the methods of literature review and fi eld investigation,based on the theory of anthropology,this paper took Zhicun village of Anhui province as the main case study of the changes of rural sporting events.According to ethnographic texts,the rural sports event in the past 30 years has experienced the early stage of equalization,the middle stage of stratifi cation and the later stage of utilitarianism.The paper deconstructed the structure of each stage:In the early stage,it was a grand sporting events for all members of the team with entertainment and unity,in the middle stage,it was a grand sporting events for the elite with highlighting and differentiation,and in the later stage,it was a grand sporting events for the introduction and solidifi cation of the internal sporting events.It is suggested that by strengthening symbols,improving structures,regaining functions and optimizing benefi ts,we can reconstruct the structure of rural sporting events and create harmonious local culture.