全髋关节置换术后皮肤压力性损伤的护理

The cause of occurrence of skin pressure injury after total hip arthroplasty and its nursing countermeasures

目的分析全髋关节置换术(Total Hip Arthroplasty,THA)15例皮肤压力性损伤的原因,探讨其护理对策。方法收集2015年5月至2019年12月诊治的362例全髋关节置换患者的临床资料,其中15例患者发生皮肤压力性损伤,对其基本临床资料、发生时间、发生部位及发生程度进行分析。结果发生人群:双髋置换、肥胖、强直性脊柱炎伴脊柱畸形的患者发生率高;发生时间:以节假日或夜间发生率高;发生部位:后背、脊柱后凸畸形、骶尾部好发。结论护士需要重视特殊体型的住院患者,尤其是强直性脊柱炎、肥胖患者等。科室根据疾病特点,制定皮肤压力性损伤高危人群。

Objective To investigate the cause of occurrence of skin pressure injury after total hip arthroplasty(THA)and its nursing countermeasures.Methods A total of 362 patients who underwent total hip replacement in our hospital from May 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled in the study,of whom,15 patients had skin pressure injury.The clinical data,and the occurrence time,position and severity of skin pressure injury were analyzed.Results The incidence of skin pressure injury in patients with bilateral hip replacement,obesity,ankylosing spondylitis complicated by spinal deformity was higher,and the occurrence time was higher in holidays or at night,and the occurrence site was more common in back,kyphosis deformity,sacrococcygeal prone.Conclusion The nurses should pay much attention to the inpatients with special body type,especially for the patients with ankylosing spondylitis and obese.According to the characteristics of the disease,the medical staff should pay much attention to the high risk population of skin pressure injury.