“价值存在”论:马克思对唯名论与唯实论的超越——广松涉《资本论的哲学》的一种解读

“Value Being”:Marx's Surpassing of Nominalism and Realism--An Interpretation on The Philosophy of Capital of Hiromatsu Wataru

日本新马克思主义者广松涉《资本论的哲学》一书的重要理论贡献在于他从马克思的“价值形式论”深刻地解读出了“价值存在论”。他不但回答和解决了马克思的价值“实体规定”与“形式规定”中的种种“矛盾”和“不协调”的表述,而且更重要的是论证了“价值存在”与“迂回之路”逻辑相联系的存在机制,并探讨了价值存在的特殊性质。在广松涉看来,这种独特的存在性质既不同于贝利式的价值唯名论,也不同于李嘉图式的价值唯实论,并由此超越了以唯名论与唯实论相对立的传统哲学。然而,其“价值存在论”只是“片面而深刻地”论证了马克思关于资本存在研究中的一个重要环节,并走向了他的那个著名的“四肢存在结构论”,同时舍弃了马克思关于资本存在批判的重要的逻辑建构。

The important theoretical contribution of Hiromatsu Wataru,a Japanese neo-Marxist,in his book The Philosophy of Capital lies in his profound interpretation of“the theory of value being”from Marx's“theory of value form”.He not only answers and resolves all kinds of“contradiction”and“incongruence”expressions in Marx's“substantive stipulation”and“formal stipulation”of value,but more importantly demonstrates the existing mechanism of“value being”and the logic of“circuitous way”,and discusses the special existing nature of value being.In his view,this unique nature of being is different from both Bailey's nominalism of value and Ricardo's realism of value,and thus surpasses the traditional philosophy that nominalism and realism are opposite to each other as the ground level.However,his“theory of value being”just demonstrates an important link of Marx's research on the being of capital one-sidedly and profoundly,which leads to his famous“theory of the structure of the being of four limbs”,and abandons the important logical construction of Marx's criticism on the being of capital.