四种木屑栽培糙皮侧耳子实体营养成分分析及氨基酸营养价值评价

Nutritional Component Analysis and Amino Acid Nutritional Value Evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivated by Four Kinds of Sawdust

研究梨、苹果、桃和核桃4种木屑栽培料对糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)子实体中营养成分和氨基酸的组成、含量及营养价值评价的影响。结果表明:在实验范围内,梨木屑栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体中总必需氨基酸含量和呈味氨基酸总量最高;苹果木屑栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体中粗纤维、镁、铜、锌、总药用氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸的含量最高;桃木屑栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体中碳水化合物和灰分的含量最高;核桃木屑栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体中蛋白质、脂肪、粗多糖、钙和铁的含量最高;采用FAO/WHO的氨基酸模式,苹果木屑栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体的必需氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)最高,表明其蛋白质营养价值最高。

Effects of pear,apple,peach and walnut sawdust cultivation materials on nutritional composition,amino acid profile and nutritional value evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied.The results showed that the fruiting bodies cultivated by pear sawdust contained the greatest amount of indispensable amino acids and flavor amino acids;the fruiting bodies cultivated by apple sawdust contained the greatest amount of crude fiber,magnesium,copper,zinc,medicinal amino acids,umami amino acids and sweet amino acids;the fruiting bodies cultivated by peach sawdust contained the greatest amount of carbohydrates and ash;and the fruiting bodies cultivated by walnut sawdust contained the greatest amount of protein,crude polysaccharides,calcium and iron.According to the FAO/WHO pattern,the SRC value of the fruiting bodies cultivated by apple sawdust substrate was the highest,suggesting that apple sawdust cultivated P.ostreatus had the highest nutritional value.