基于三维数值模拟及矿井瞬变电磁法的导水构造探测研究

Research on water-conducting structure detection based on three-dimensional numerical simulation and mine transient electromagnetic method

导水构造隐秘性较强,是煤矿水害事故中的重大隐患,导水构造的有效探测对预防煤矿突水意义重大。基于目标层段煤系岩层地电特征及前期三维地震探测成果,建立了导水构造三维地质模型,运用Maxwell软件进行三维数值模拟以揭示区域导水构造的电磁响应特征;利用矿井瞬变电磁方法进行了掘进巷道左侧帮及巷道掘进面方向的数据采集,通过对数据进行适应性处理、反演计算和综合解释,明确了巷道左侧帮及巷道掘进面前方SF32导水断层的空间位置。结果表明,SF32导水断层在距巷道左侧帮45~50 m处呈东西向展布,延伸至掘进面左前方40 m区域时出现了向北西方向的转向。最终通过钻孔验证了该导水断层的方位,修正了前期三维地震勘探所解释该断层的空间位置,证明了该方法的准确性和有效性。

The water-conducting structure is highly concealed and is a major hidden danger in coal mine flood accidents.The effective detection of the water-conducting structure is of great significance to preventing coal mine water inrush.It was based on the geoelectric characteristics of the coal measures and the previous three-dimensional seismic exploration results in the target interval,a three-dimensional geological model of the water-conducting structure was established,and the Maxwell software was used to perform three-dimensional numerical simulation to reveal the electromagnetic response characteristics of the regional water-conducting structure;using the mine transient electromagnetic method data collection on the left side of the roadway and the direction of the roadway heading surface was carried out.Through adaptive processing,inversion calculation and comprehensive interpretation of the data,the spatial location of the SF32 water conducting fault on the left side of the roadway and the front of the roadway was clarified.The results showed that the SF32 water-transmitting fault was distributed in an east-west direction 45~50 m from the left side of the roadway,and when it extended to an area 40 m in front of the left side of the tunneling face,it turned to a north-west direction.Finally,the azimuth of the water-transmitting fault was verified by drilling holes,and the spatial position of the fault explained by the previous three-dimensional seismic exploration was corrected,which proved the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.