急性冠状动脉综合征患者确诊前症状体验的质性研究

A qualitative research on symptom experience in patients with acute coronary syndrome before diagnosis

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者确诊前的症状体验,以期为提高患者及早识别能力、及时就医率及制订相关措施提供借鉴。方法选取2020年8月12日至9月8日山西省人民医院18例ACS患者为研究对象,采用现象学研究方法,对其进行半结构式访谈,并以症状体验模型为指导对资料进行分析。结果归纳出4个主题。症状感知:疾病可以被预测、症状体验呈多样性和疾病容易被忽视;症状评价:正确评价和评价偏移;症状应对:自我应对和家庭-社会支持;症状体验过程的反思:就医行为和疾病认知不足。结论目前,ACS的识别依然是个挑战,患者应丰富相关知识,重视自身的症状体验,正确评价,及时有效应对。医务工作者应进行相关教育,提高患者识别疾病的能力。

Objective To explore the symptom experience of patients with acute coronary syndrome before diagnosis,in order to improve their early recognition ability,timely medical treatment rate and formulate relevant measures to provide reference.Methods Semi-structured interview was performed in 18 patients with acute coronary syndrome from August 122020 to September 8 in Shanxi Provincial people′s Hospital using phenomenological research,and the data were analyzed under the guidance of symptom experience model.Results A total of four themes were summarized:symptom perception:diseases being easily predicted,symptom experiences being diverse and diseases being easily overlooked;symptom evaluation:correct evaluation and evaluation bias;symptom response:self-response and family-society support;reflection on the process of symptom experience:medical behaviour and lack of awareness of disease.Conclusions At present,the identification of acutecoronary syndrome is still a challenge.Patients should enrich relevant knowledge,pay attention to their own symptom experience,make the correct evaluation and deal with it effectively.Medical workers should carry out relevant education to improve the ability of patients to identify diseases.