北疆气象站迁址气温均一性检验与订正

Homogeneity Test and Correction of Temperature Series by Station Migration in Northern Xinjiang

针对北疆呼图壁、精河以及吉木乃3个气象站迁址前后的观测资料进行对比分析,利用旧址20 a(1997—2017年)气温数据和新址3~5 a(2013—2017年)气温数据作对比分析、相关性分析及均一性检验,结果表明:3个气象站新旧两址同期观测所得的气温资料具有极高的相关性;从总体趋势上看,新址3~5 a气温的平均值与旧址20 a平均值对比,月平均气温总体契合度高;从季节变化来看,冬季新址同期对比观测的气温低于旧址,夏秋两季高于旧址,且个别月份存在显著差异。采用一元线性回归法,将新址3~5 a的平均值按月订正到旧址20 a平均值,并用SPSS对订正值进行了严格的T检验,订正后平均气温资料的均一性得到显著提高。

In this paper,the monthly mean temperature of Hutubi,Jinghe and Jimunai meteorological stations in Northern Xinjiang before and after station migration were compared and analyzed.The temperature data of the old stations during 1997-2017 and the new stations during 2013-2017 were used for comparative analysis,correlation analysis and homogeneity test.The results showed that:there is a high correlation between the temperature data of the new and old stations.Generally,the 3-5 years average temperature observed at the new stations and the 20 years average of the old stations showes a higher overall agreement with the monthly average of temperature.The comparison of the average temperature difference before and after stations migration showed that the temperature of the new stations was lower than that of the old stations in winter,the temperature of the new stations was higher than the old stations in summer and autumn,and there were significant differences in individual months.Finally,the monthly mean temperature of 3-5 years in the new stations was corrected to that of 20 years in the old stations by using single linear regression method and then the revised values were tested by SPSS more strictly.The homogeneity of the monthly mean temperature has been significantly improved after the correction.