优化术前禁饮食对儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征围术期的效果评价

Effect of optimizing preoperative fasting regimen on children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome during perioperative period

目的观察优化术前禁饮食对儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合(OSAHS)围术期的效果。方法将全麻下行低温等离子腺样体消融术和/或扁桃体切除术的OSAHS患儿60例随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组术前禁饮食6 h;观察组术前禁固体食物6 h+术前3 h分别口服5%葡萄糖水50 mL和生理盐水50 mL。观察两组患儿术前口渴、饥饿、烦躁、术中误吸、术后24 h恶心呕吐(PONV)程度及家属对护理的满意度。结果观察组患儿术前饥饿、烦躁与术后PONV的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论采用优化术前禁饮食方案,降低患儿围术期不适程度,提高护理的满意度。

Objective To observe the effect of optimizing preoperative fasting regimen on children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)during the perioperative period.Methods Sixty children with OSAHS who have received low-temperature plasma adenoid ablation and/or tonsillectomy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into the Control Group and the Observation Group,30 cases in each group.The Control Group was fasted for 6 hours before the operation;the Observation Group was fasted for solid food for 6 hours before operation and orally administered with 50 mL of 5%glucose water and 50 mL normal saline 3 hours before operation.The two groups were observed in terms of the preoperative thirst,hunger and irritability,intraoperative aspiration,and nausea and vomiting(PONV)24 hours after operation,as well as the satisfaction of the family members to nursing.Results The incidence of preoperative hunger and irritability and postoperative PONV in the Observation Group was significantly lower than that of the Control Group(P<0.05),and the satisfaction to nursing in the Observation Group was higher than that of the Control Group(P<0.01).Conclusion An optimized preoperative fasting regimen can reduce perioperative discomfort in children and improve the satisfaction to the nursing.