调节性T细胞在结直肠癌发生发展中的作用及相关治疗

Role of regulatory T cells in the development and progression of colorectal cancer and the related treatments

调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)是肿瘤微环境中重要的免疫抑制性细胞,在维持免疫稳态方面发挥重要的作用。Treg不仅可以通过分泌抑制性细胞因子阻碍有效的抗肿瘤免疫,还可以通过调节细胞因子进而调控结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)细胞生长,同时直接或间接地促进CRC血管新生,并与患者不良预后有关;但Treg也可能在炎症相关性肿瘤发生的早期,通过抑制炎症反应降低肠道肿瘤发生的风险。近年来,靶向Treg的免疫治疗也成为了研究热点,一些治疗策略已经在临床应用,还有一些正在进行临床前及临床试验。本文就Treg在CRC发生发展中的作用及靶向Treg的免疫治疗策略进行综述,探讨Treg作为治疗靶点的作用机制及临床应用前景。

Regulatory T cells(Tregs)represent an important immunosuppressive cell type in the tumor microenvironment(TME),which plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis.Tregs can suppress effective anti-tumor immunity by secreting suppressive cytokines and can regulate colorectal cancer(CRC)cell growth by regulating cytokines.Tregs can also promote CRC angiogenesis directly or indirectly,contributing to poor prognosis.However,Tregs may also reduce the risk of intestinal tumorigenesis by inhibiting the inflammatory response in early stages of inflammation-related tumorigenesis.In recent years,immunotherapy targeting Tregs has become a research hotspot.Some therapeutic strategies have been applied in clinical practice,while others are in preclinical and clinical trials.The role of Tregs in CRC development and progression and the related therapeutic strategies are summarized in this review;the mechanism of action and potential clinical application of Tregs as a therapeutic target are also discussed.