从民俗事象到生活实践--民俗学研究范式转换的知识社会史

From Folklore to Life Practice--The Social History of Knowledge in the Transformation of Folklore Research Paradigm

当前民俗学学科危机的本质并非是传统民俗学研究范式难以解读新的社会和生活经验,而是在社会剧烈转型中未能探索出独特的知识生产机制和表述方式。中国民俗学学科危机并非当前出现的新问题,而是贯穿学科发展历程的“历史遗留问题”。对此,不仅需要对民俗学日常生活转向进行呼吁和研究,而且需要对中国民俗学学科进行知识社会史梳理,并且需要将当前相关讨论纳入长时段学科发展史中讨论。新时期,在民俗学者共同努力下,经过10多年酝酿与探索,最终形成实践民俗学概念。尽管目前此概念的内涵外延尚未达成深度共识,但就民俗学学科建设来说,应将其视为民俗学学科危机中的一次转机。

The essence of the current crisis of the folklore discipline is not that it is difficult for traditional folklore research paradigms to interpret new social and life experiences,but that it has failed to explore unique knowledge production mechanisms and expressions during the drastic social transformation.In this regard,it is necessary not only to call for and study the turn of daily life of folklore,but also to sort out the history of knowledge society of Chinese folklore.The crisis of the Chinese folklore discipline is not a new problem currently emerging,but a"historical problem left over"that runs through the course of the discipline.In the new period,with the joint efforts of folklorists,after more than ten years of gestation and exploration,the concept of practical folklore was finally formed.Although no deep consensus has been reached on the connotation and extension of this concept,as far as the construction of the folklore discipline is concerned,it should be regarded as a turning point in the crisis of the folklore discipline.