摘要
为探明玉米生育中期水分胁迫对光合特性及水分利用效率的影响。2014~2015年在辽宁省农业科学院可移动防雨棚内,以春玉米为试材,采用盆栽方法,设置了正常供水(土壤含水量为田间持水量65%~75%)、轻度水分胁迫(55%~65%)和重度水分胁迫(45%~55%)3个处理,开展了水分胁迫对春玉米叶片叶绿素含量、光合特性、产量、耗水量和水分利用效率影响的研究。结果表明,玉米生育中期水分胁迫不同程度降低了叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度,增加了胞间CO_(2)浓度,且下降或增加幅度随着胁迫程度的增加而增大;轻度水分胁迫和重度水分胁迫玉米蒸散量降低了28.9%和54.6%,水分利用效率提高了17.5%和4.1%;轻度水分胁迫对玉米产量影响很小,而重度水分胁迫玉米产量降低了55.6%,严重影响了玉米产量。本研究为该区域玉米提高水分利用效率提供数据支撑。
In order to effect of photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency under water stress in the middle of the crop-growing season. Pot experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with a mobile rain shelter of Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In experiments under different conditions of soil moisture that normal supply(soil moisture was 65%~75%field water holding capacity), mild water stress(55%~65%), and severe water stress(45%~55%). Photosynthetic pigment, photosynthesis, yield, evapotranspiration, water use efficiency of maize were researched. The results tested that chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were decreased, intercellular CO_(2) concentration was increased under water stress. As water stress level increased they fell or rose more faster;Evapotranspiration of maize was decreased by 28.9% and 54.6%, and water use efficiency was increased by 17.5% and 4.1% under mild water stress and severe water stress.Yield was no significant reduction under mild water stress and that was decreased by 55.6% under severe water stress, so the yield of maize was serious reduction under severe water stress.The results provided theoretical and technical support for improving water use efficiency of maize.
作者
蔡倩
白伟
郑家明
向午燕
冯良山
杜桂娟
赵凤艳
CAI Qian;BAI Wei;ZHENG Jia-ming;XIAMG Wu-yan;FENG Liang-shan;DU Gui-juan;ZHAO Feng-yan(Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)
出处
《辽宁农业科学》
2021年第5期1-6,共6页
Liaoning Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家农业科研杰出人才其创新团队项目
国家“万人计划”科技创新领军人才项目
辽宁省博士科研启动基金项目(2019-BS-139)
辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1807051,XLYC1908013)
辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划项目(2019DD062010)
辽宁省农业科学院基本科研业务费计划项目(2021HQ1907)。
关键词
米
水分胁迫
光合特性
水分利用效率
产量
Maize
Water stress
Photosynthetic characteristics
Water use efficiency
Yield