架空线路用气体灭弧防雷发展综述

Development of Gas Arc-extinguishing Lightning Protection in Overhead Lines

雷击跳闸严重威胁电力系统的安全稳定,且现有"阻塞型"和"疏导型"措施防护效果受多方因素的制约,为此研究了国内外架空线路用气体灭弧防雷措施的发展现状、存在问题及未来研究方向。气体灭弧防雷措施基于"阻塞型"和"疏导型"传统防雷方法,增加气体喷射灭弧模块,形成了"冲击疏导–气体喷射–工频阻塞"的新防雷模式。对雷电破坏能量进行疏导泄放,利用气体对工频续流电弧实行阻塞熄灭,以实现"大幅度降低雷击跳闸"。虽然该措施存在理论研究不深入、防护标准未涉及和运行经验不充足等问题,但其独特的气体灭弧优势能够提高线路防雷有效、安全和经济性能,具有广阔的应用前景。

Lightning tripping is a serious threat to the safety and stability of power system, and the protection effects of the existing "blocking type" and "dredging type" measures are restricted by many factors. Therefore, this paper studies the development status, existing problems, and future research directions of the gas arc-extinguishing lightning protection measures in overhead lines at home and abroad. The gas arc-extinguishing lightning protection measures are based on "blocking type" and "dredging type" traditional lightning protection method, and the gas jetting arc-extinguishing module is added to form a new lightning protection mode of "impulse dredging-gas jetting-power frequency blocking". The lightning damage energy is dredged and released, and the power-frequency successive current arc is blocked and extinguished by gas so as to achieve "large reduction of lightning tripping". Although the method has some problems, such as the theoretical research is not enough, the protection standard is not involved, and operation experience is not sufficient, its unique gas arc-extinguishing advantage can improve the effective, safe and economic performance of lightning protection in lines,and has a broad application prospect.