世界银行营商环境排名前列经济体改革措施的演化分析

Analysis on the Evolution of Reform Measures of the Top Countries in the World Bank's Business Environment Ranking

深入分析全球排名靠前经济体的改革经验,可以对我国营商环境改革提出启示,明确我国未来营商环境改革的重点工作与方向。基于世界银行《营商环境报告》,利用文本分析及序列关联规则技术研究了排名前30的经济体2008—2020年的营商环境改革趋势,深入挖掘排名前30的经济体在获得信贷、办理破产、纳税、办理施工许可证这四个我国弱势指标改革的具体措施。研究发现,营商环境排名靠前的经济体在改革初期主要集中在开办企业、纳税这两个一级指标上,随着时间的推进,改革开始集中在办理破产、获得信贷、保护少数投资者等一级指标上。我国目前出台的改革措施集中在开办企业、纳税两个指标的初级阶段上,后期应吸收借鉴排名靠前的经济体的改革经验,重点关注办理施工许可证、获得信贷、办理破产等指标的改革,并且继续加大对落后指标的改革。未来,持续提升效率与质量为优化营商环境的重中之重。我国应在纳税、获得信贷等落后指标项方面加大改革力度,同时,注重与排名靠前经济体营商环境改革的经验互相借鉴。

An in-depth analysis of the reform experience of top ranking economies can provide enlightenment to China's business environment reform and clarify the direction of China's future business environment reform.Using text analysis and sequential association rule technology,this paper analyzes the business environment reform trend of the top 30 economies from year 2008 to 2020.Further,we deeply explore the specific reform measures of the top 30 economies in the four weak indicators of China:getting credit,resolving insolvency,paying taxes and handling construction licenses.The study finds that the top-ranked economies in the business environment mainly focuses on the two primary indicators of starting a business and paying taxes in the early stage of reform.With the evolution of time,the reforms begin to focus on the indicators of resolving insolvency,Getting credit,and protecting minority investors.China's current reform measures focus on the initial stage of starting a Business and paying taxes.We should learn from the reform experience of the topranked economies,focusing on the reform of getting credit and resolving insolvency indicators and continue to increase the backward indicators.Besides,efficiency and quality is the priority for optimizing doing business environment.China should pay attention to the indicators that lags behind such as paying taxes and getting credit.Meanwhile,we should attach importance to the communication with top ranking countries.