广州市从化区孕产妇母婴健康素养现状及影响因素调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Influencing Factors of Maternal and Child Health Literacy in Conghua District of Guangzhou

目的:了解广州市从化区某医院孕产妇母婴健康素养水平及其影响因素,为针对性地开展健康教育和干预活动提供参考依据。方法:2019年9月—2020年11月采用便利抽样法选取在从化区某三甲医院就诊的200名孕产妇作为研究对象,使用统一设计的孕产妇母婴健康素养监测问卷进行面对面调查并分析其影响因素。结果:从化区孕产妇母婴健康素养具备率为11.5%,母孕期基本知识、婴幼儿基本知识、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能素养具备率分别为53%、6%、2.5%和13.5%;多元线性回归分析结果显示,孕期、家庭年收入、家庭人口、家中成员是否有医务人员对孕产妇母婴健康素养水平的影响比较,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为3.300、4.279、-1.979和4.581,P值均<0.05)。结论:从化区孕产妇母婴健康素养偏低,孕期、家庭年收入、家庭人口、家中成员是否有医务人员等均是其影响因素,今后可以有针对性地将重点人群纳入健康教育培训范围,以提高从化区孕产妇母婴健康素养水平。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the maternal and child health literacy level and its influencing factors in a certain hospi⁃tal in Conghua District,Guangzhou,and to provide reference for health education and intervention activities.METHODS From Sep⁃tember 2019 to November 2020,pregnant women from a third class hospital in Conghua District were selected as the subjects.Uni⁃fied maternal and child health literacy monitoring questionnaire was used to conduct face-to-face investigation and analyze its influ⁃encing factors.RESULTS The maternal and child health literacy rate in Conghua District was 11.5%.The percentage of maternal ba⁃sic knowledge,infant basic knowledge,healthy lifestyle,behavior and basic skills literacy were 53%,6%,2.5%and 13.5%respec⁃tively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that pregnancy,annual family income,family population,whether the family mem⁃bers have medical staff significantly affected maternal and child health literacy(t=3.300,4.279,-1.979,4.581,P<0.05).CONCLU⁃SION Maternal and child health literacy in Conghua District was low,pregnancy,annual family income,family population,whether the family members have medical staff were all factors.In the future,priority groups could be included in targeted health education and training in order to improve the level of maternal and child health literacy.