糖尿病血管并发症的相关机制及糖被的作用

Related mechanisms of vascular complications in diabetes and the role of glycocalyx layer

糖尿病是由胰岛素相对或绝对不足所导致的糖、脂肪及蛋白质的代谢紊乱。糖尿病血管并发症是糖尿病患者致死致残的主要原因。近期研究显示糖被有可能作为内皮细胞剪切力感受器而在血管保护中起至关重要的作用。在糖尿病血管病变中,内皮细胞上附着的糖被存在大量被破坏的现象,通过药物等方式恢复糖被有助于糖尿病并发症的缓解。因此,文章主要讲述糖尿病血管并发症的各种机制,侧重于讲述糖被在糖尿病血管并发症中的作用。

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of glucose,fat,and protein caused by relative or absolute lack of insulin.Diabetic vascular complications are the main cause of death and disability in patients with diabetes.Recent studies have shown that the glycocalyx layer may play as a vital role in vascular protection as an endothelial cell shear receptor.In diabetic vascular complications,the glycocalyx layer attached to endothelial cells is found to have substantial destruction,and restoring the glycocalyx layer by drugs and other ways contributes to the relief of diabetic complications.Therefore,this article mainly describes the various mechanisms of diabetic vascular complications,with an emphasis on the role of the glycocalyx layer in diabetic vascular complications.