范式转换视域中国家理论的知识变革——兼评国家中心范式的理论创新

Knowledge Change of the State Theory from the Perspective of Paradigm Shift——Comments on the Theoretical Innovation of State-centered Paradigm

库恩所提出的范式概念及科学革命论为理解知识变革提供了分析框架。从范式转换的角度来看,国家中心范式具有理论转折点意义的创新价值,国家研究由此从传统政治学进入了新的理论时代,实现了从行为主义到新制度主义的知识变革。在承继国家知识传统的基础上,该理论范式通过生发概念、拓展进路、创新主题开放出了新的研究领域,即以国家为中心讨论国家与社会之间的互动形态,以科学分析的方法考察国家及其与社会关系的具体事实。国家中心范式所实现的“科学革命”体现在理论内容上对国家主题的“找回”和研究方法上对科学分析的“承继”,在“回归”与“发展”中完成了科学研究的“范式转换”。国家研究的变革进程启发我们在推进理论创新时要树立明确的范式意识,自觉地通过推动范式变革来回应实践需求,以实现新时代立足于中国实践的科学革命。

Thomas Kuhn’s concept of paradigm and scientific revolution provide an analytical framework for understanding knowledge change.It is found,from the perspective of paradigm shift,that the state-centered paradigm has born the innovative value of theoretical turning point as it has pushed the study of the state from the traditional political science to the new theoretical paradigm,and realized the knowledge transformation from behaviorism to neo-institutionalism.This paradigm,on the basis of inheriting the tradition of state studies,has opened up new fields through the concept of occurrence,the way of development and the theme of innovation.This paper,taking the state as the center,discusses the interactive form between the state and society,and investigates the specific facts of the state and its relationship with society by means of scientific analysis.The“scientific revolution”of the state-centered paradigm is realized in the combination of the“retrieval”of the state theme in theory and the“inheritance”of scientific analysis in research methods,which completes the paradigm shift in the“regression”and“development”.The analysis of the reform process of national research inspires us to establish a clear sense of paradigm when promoting theoretical innovation,and consciously respond to the needs of practice by promoting paradigm change,so as to realize the scientific revolution based on Chinese practice in the new era.