探讨重型脑外伤呼吸机相关性肺炎的危险因素分析及护理观察效果

To Explore the Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and the Effect of Nursing Observation

目的关于重型脑外伤患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的危险因素总结,并分析相关的护理策略。方法本文调查时间为2018年3月至2019年7月,观察组调查对象为在此期间来我院进行治疗重型脑外伤合并呼吸机相关肺炎的21例患者;对照组调查对象为同期到我院进行治疗另外21例重型脑外伤未合并呼吸机相关肺炎患者。对两组患者临床资料进行统计,分析重型脑外伤呼吸机相关性肺炎的危险因素,总结相关的护理。结果观察组存在呼吸器械污染18例,存在不合理用药20例,存在气道受损21例,存在体位不当18例,而对照组存在呼吸器械污染2例,不合理用药1例,气道受损0例,体位不当1例,两组进行比较,P<0.05,具有统计学意义;对观察组进行针对性护理以后患者得到明显的恢复,机械通气时间为(12.32±2.18)d。结论重型脑外伤呼吸机相关性肺炎的主要危险因素来自于多个方面,要注意做好临床的相关指导工作,防止相关风险对患者的影响。

Objective To summarize the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury,and to analyze the related nursing strategies.Methods The investigation time was from March 2018 to July 2019.The observation group was set up:21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury and ventilator-associated pneumonia who were treated in our hospital during this period;Another 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury who had been treated in our hospital during the same period did not have ventilator-associated pneumonia.The clinical data of the two groups of patients were statistically analyzed to analyze the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in severe traumatic brain injury,and the related nursing was summarized.Results There were 18 cases of respiratory apparatus contamination in the observation group,20 cases of irrational use of drugs,21 cases of airway damage,and 18 cases of improper position.In the control group,there were 2 cases of respiratory device contamination,1 case of irrational drug use,and airway involvement.There were 0 cases with loss and 1 case with improper position.The two groups were compared,P<0.05,which was statistically significant.The patients were obviously recovered after targeted nursing.The mechanical ventilation time was(12.32±2.18)d.Conclusion The main risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in severe traumatic brain injury come from many aspects.It is necessary to pay attention to the clinical guidance and prevent the impact of related risks on patients.