质子交换膜燃料电池阴阳极压力控制策略研究

Study on Control Strategy for Anode and Cathode Pressures in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

为提高质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的使用寿命,在分析PEMFC压力调节原理的基础上,建立了燃料电池及其阴极和阳极供应系统模型,设计了阴阳极压力控制策略,根据阴阳极压力差联合控制空压机、节气门、喷氢阀等流量控制元件。硬件在环仿真结果表明,在阴阳极压力联合控制策略下,阴极氧气供应可稳定响应负载的大幅突变。阳极实现了压力调节和燃料供应的解耦,阳极压力可跟随阴极压力快速变化。在复杂工况下,阴极和阳极压力差也能保持在一极低数值,显著提高了质子交换膜的使用寿命。

In order to extend the service life of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),a model for PEMFC including its cathode and anode supply system is established in this paper based on an analysis on the principle of the pressure regulation of PEMFC.A control strategy for both cathode and anode pressures is designed and the flow control components covering air compressor,throttle valve and hydrogen injection valve are jointly controlled according to the pressure difference between cathode and anode.The results of hardware-in-the-loop simulation show that with the joint control strategy for cathode and anode pressures,the cathode oxygen supply can stably respond to a large sudden change in load.The anode realizes the decoupling of pressure regulation and fuel supply,and the anode pressure can quickly change to follow the cathode pressure.The pressure difference between cathode and anode can be maintained at a very low value even under complex working conditions,significantly extending the service life of proton exchange membrane.