论合宪性解释在民事裁判中的定位与运用

On the Position and Application of Constitutional Interpretation in Civil Judgments

最高人民法院发布的《关于深入推进社会主义核心价值观融入裁判文书释法说理的指导意见》对法官的释法说理进行规范,但未对合宪性解释进行说明,学界对于如何运用合宪性解释存有疑问。基于合宪性解释发展史及其学说的比较分析,在中国特色社会主义法律体系背景下,合宪性解释的体系定位应以民主集中制为出发点,并且不必成为独立的法律解释方法。民事裁判中,法官在认定复数解释存在时,应运用体系解释与目的解释发挥合宪性解释的实质作用。

The Guidance on Deepening the Integration of Socialist Core Values into the Interpretation of Judicial Documents issued by the Supreme People′s Court regulates judges′interpretation of the law,but does not explain constitutional interpretation,and there are doubts about how to apply constitutional interpretation.Based on the history of the development of constitutional interpretation and the comparative analysis of its doctrine,in the context of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics,the system of constitutional interpretation should be positioned with democratic centralism as the starting point,and constitutional interpretation need not become an independent method of legal interpretation.In civil adjudication,judges should use systemic interpretation and purposive interpretation to play the substantive role of constitutional interpretation when determining the existence of plural interpretation.