长春市和潍坊市主要慢性疾病人群的生命质量研究

Studying on the Life Quality of Patients with Major Chronic Diseases in Changchun and Weifang

目的:采用HRQOL-4量表,探索长春市和潍坊市主要慢性疾病人群生命质量及其影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样于2018年11月-2019年5月分别对长春和潍坊居民进行面对面调查。生命质量评估使用了HRQOL-4量表,包括自评健康,心理、身体和总不健康日,日常活动和自理能力受限日六个指标。结果:总调查36249人,7.9%的人自评健康为不好,心理、身体健康状况不好占比分别为6.7%和9%,日常活动受限、自理能力受限占比分别为2.8%和1.5%。六个健康指标在不同疾病的表现趋势基本一致,脑中风、癌症、冠心病、慢阻肺、糖尿病的整体OR较高(0.78-5.19),而肺炎和高血压的OR较低(0.73-2.43)。结论:不健康日的贡献主要来源于身体不健康,癌症等严重疾病对生命质量的影响较大,但不同生命质量指标在同一疾病上的表现基本一致。

Objective To explore the life quality of patients with major chronic diseases in Changchun and Weifang and its influencing factors.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face cross-sectional survey on residents in Changchun and Weifang from November 2018 to May 2019.The quality-of-life was assessed with HRQOL-4 scale,including self-rated health,mental,physical and total unhealthy days,days of limited daily activities and limited self-care ability.Results A total of 36249 people were investigated,7.9% of which rated th&r health as bad,6.7% and 9% of which were poor in mental and physical health,respectively.The proportion of limited daily activities and limited self-care ability was 2.8%and 1.5%,respectively.The trends of these six indexes were basically consistent in different diseases.The overall OR values of stroke,cancer,coronary heart disease,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes were relatively higher,while those of pneumonia and hypertension were relatively lower.Conclusion The contribution of Unhealthy Days mainly comes from unhealthy bodies.Severe diseases,such as cancer,have significant influence on QOL,whereas the performance of different QOL indicators was basically the same in the same disease.