适合机械化移栽的甘蓝植株形态特征研究

Morphological characteristics of cabbage plants suitable for mechanical transplanting

为了探讨移栽机械执行器结构参数与甘蓝苗植株形态特征的匹配问题,以9个秋甘蓝杂交1代品种为试材,采用植物图像分析与Matlab语言命令的方法,研究不同甘蓝品种的植株形态特征。结果表明:结合不同品种的生长模型,筛选出适合机械化移栽的甘蓝品种为‘争春’(G1)、‘争牛’(G9);不同甘蓝品种的植株形态特征服从正态或偏态分布,且不同甘蓝品种的植株形态特征随苗龄的延长呈正线性相关,其平均相关系数(R)均达到了0.97以上;‘争春’(G1)、‘美貌’(G2)、‘中甘21’(G6)、‘争牛’(G9)的株型锥角随时间延长呈负线性相关,而‘圆绿’(G3)、‘绿球’(G4)、‘七草’(G5)、‘春丰’(G7)、‘西园10’(G8)的株型锥角随时间延长呈正线性相关;最后确定了甘蓝移栽机鸭嘴式栽植器部分结构参数和工作参数的设计区间,为甘蓝机械化生产及移栽机关键部件优化提供依据。

In order to study the matching problem between the structural parameters of transplanting mechanical actuator and the morphological characteristics of cabbage seedlings,nine autumn cabbage hybrids were used as materials to study plant morphological characteristics of different cabbage varieties by using the method of plant image analysis and Matlab Language Command in this paper.The results showed that:According to the growth models of different varieties,the cabbage varieties suitable for mechanized transplanting were‘Zhengchun’(G1)and‘Zhengniu’(G9);The plant morphological characteristics of different cabbage varieties obey normal or partial distribution,and the correlation coefficient(R)of the morphological characters of different cabbage varieties was above 0.97,which was positive linear with the growth of seedling age;And the cone angles of‘Zhengchun’(G1),‘Meimao’(G2),‘Zhonggan 21’(G6),‘Zhengniu’(G9)showed negative linear correlation,but the cone angles of‘Yuanlv’(G3),‘Lvqiu’(G4),‘Qicao’(G5),‘Chunfeng’(G7),‘Xiyuan 10’(G8)showed positive linear correlation.Finally,the design range of some structural parameters and working parameters of duck-bill transplanter of cabbage transplanter was determined to provide basis for the optimization of key parts of cabbage transplanter and mechanized production.