0~3岁儿童中重度营养不良临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Moderate to Severe Malnutrition in Children Aged 0-3

目的对0~3岁的儿童的中度、重度的营养不良的引发因素进行研究分析。方法选取该院在2019年7月—2020年6月收治的200例中度、重度营养不良的患儿,0~12个月有47例;12~24个月有105例;24~36个月有48例对不同程度的营养不良的城乡患病率进行比较,分析营养不良的主要原因。结果营养不良的主要发生人群多为低出生体质量患儿,该部分人群可为早产儿或小于胎龄儿,通常伴随宫内发于异常,生后易发生感染,同时能量摄入不足从而导致营养不良的发生。母乳喂养营养不良患儿有76例,其中中度有43例,重度有33例,非母乳喂养营养不良患儿有124例,中度有61例,重度有63例。营养不良和疾病因素息息相关,疾病因素一般包括咳嗽、发热、腹泻、呕吐、惊厥、贫血,治疗中需要考虑营养不良患者儿疾病因素,展开有效治疗。不同年龄段情况:0~12个月、12~24个月、24~36个月的患儿中喂养不当引发的营养不良例数最高,其次为低出生体质量,最后为疾病因素。农村中的营养不良概率较高,其中喂养不当引发营养不良的概率最高,其次为低出生体质量,最后为疾病因素。结论营养不良的引发因素较多,多种因素相互作用,可以根据患者的患病因素,来有效预防营养不良。

Objective To study and analyze the factors causing moderate and severe malnutrition in children aged 0-3.Methods Selected 200 children with moderate and severe malnutrition admitted to the hospital from July 2019 to June 2020,47 cases from 0-12 months;105 cases from 12-24 months;48 cases of 24-36 months to compare the prevalence of different degrees of malnutrition in urban and rural areas,and analyze the main causes of malnutrition.Results The main population of malnutrition was mostly low birth weight infants.This part of the population could be premature infants or infants smaller than gestational age,usually accompanied by intrauterine abnormalities,prone to infections after birth,and insufficient energy intake,which led to malnutrition occurrence.There were 76 cases of breastfeeding malnutrition children,of which 43 cases were moderate,33 were severe,124 cases were non-breastfeeding malnutrition,61 cases were moderate,and 63 cases were severe.Malnutrition was closely related to disease factors.Disease factors generally include cough,fever,diarrhea,vomiting,convulsions,and anemia.In treatment,the disease factors of malnourished children must be considered for effective treatment.Different age groups:the number of malnutrition cases caused by improper feeding was the highest among children aged 0-12 months,12-24 months,and 24-36 months,,followed by low birth weight,and disease factors last.The probability of malnutrition in rural areas was relatively high.Among them,the probability of malnutrition caused by improper feeding was the highest,followed by low birth weight,and finally the disease factor.Conclusion There are many factors that cause malnutrition,and multiple factors interact,which can effectively prevent malnutrition according to the patient's disease factors.