2016-2020年潍坊某眼科医院103例儿童眼外伤患者的相关因素分析

Analysis of Factors Associated with 103 Cases of Pediatric Ocular Trauma Patients in an Eye Hospital in Weifang

目的开展儿童眼外伤患者特征分析的研究,为更好地制定儿童眼外伤干预措施提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2016年6月至2020年6月于我院住院的103例14岁以下的眼外伤儿童的资料。通过统计描述、秩和检验和趋势性卡方检验分析其年龄、性别、受伤原因、受伤地点、受伤类型、就诊时间、治疗方式、预后及并发症情况,通过眼外伤国际标准化分级对损伤情况进行分级。结果患儿的平均年龄是(8.25±3.28)岁,男∶女为3.9∶1。家庭是受伤的主要地点(56.31%),其次是户外(28.16%)和学校(11.65%)。闭合性眼外伤(52.43%)略多于开放性眼外伤(47.57%)。闭合性眼外伤以弹弓、弹簧、玩具子弹等致伤物导致钝器伤多见(33.33%),开放性眼外伤以剪刀、针、钉子、玻璃等家用尖锐物体刺伤多见(36.73%)。受伤到就诊时间,开放性眼外伤(5.10±4.37)小时短于闭合性眼外伤(15.25±17.19)小时。7月份是儿童眼外伤高发月(13.59%)。经治疗后,79.61%的眼视力提高,16.50%的眼视力无改变,3.89%视力下降。结论儿童眼外伤以男童多见,家庭是主要的受伤地点,以尖锐物体刺伤最常见,应加强家长监护及安全放置家中锐器物品以预防儿童眼外伤的发生。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of children with ocular trauma so as to provide a reference for formulating better intervention measures for children with eye trauma.Methods From June 2016 to June 2020,data of 103 cases of children under 14 years old with ocular trauma hospitalized in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed using statistical description,rank-sum test and chi-square test for trend which including age,gender,cause of injury,location of injury,type of injury,treatment time,treatment method,prognosis and complications.The injuries were classified by ocular trauma classification system.Results Mean age of children with the trauma was 8.25±3.28 years old and the ratio of male to female was 3.9:1.Home was the main place of injury(56.31%),followed by outdoor(28.16%)and then school(11.65%).Closed ocular trauma(52.43%)was slightly more than open ocular trauma(47.57%).Closed ocular trauma was mainly caused by slingshots,springs,toys and bullets(33.33%),while open ocular trauma was mainly caused by sharp objects such as scissors,needles,nails and glass(36.73%).The time from injury to treatment was 5.1±4.37 hours for open ocular trauma,which was shorter than 15.25±17.19 hours for closed ocular trauma.July was the month with the highest incidence of eye injury in children(13.59%).After treatment,79.61%of eyes had improved visual acuity,16.50%had no change,and 3.88%had decreased visual acuity.Conclusions Ocular trauma in children is most common in males,and family is the main place.Stab wounds are most common with sharp objects.It is necessary to strengthen parental supervision and safe placement of sharp objects at home to prevent the occurrence of children's ocular trauma.