技术供给何以影响合作探究:基于群体信息交互有效性的实证分析

How Technology Affordance affects Collaborative:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Effectiveness of Group Information Interaction

采用基于移动设备的虚拟教具开展合作探究活动,需要思考资源配置与外部支持的相关设计。本研究分析了合作探究中技术供给的两个方面:虚拟教具的供给比例和外部脚本的提供与否。为探讨技术供给对探究效果和认知负荷的影响,研究设计了三因素混合实验设计的教育准实验。其中,科学探究活动(光的折射、简单电路和电磁感应)为被试内因素,虚拟教具的供给比例(1∶1和1∶m)与外部脚本的提供与否(有和无)为被试间因素。通过重复测量方差分析和合作视频会话分析发现,1∶m条件的探究效果好于1∶1条件;提供外部脚本的探究效果更好;1∶m条件的心理负荷要显著高于1∶1条件。最后,基于科学合作探究特征,研究从信息交互的角度探讨了技术供给作用于合作探究的本质规律。从合作探究中的信息源和信息流出发,研究阐述了信息流通、信息滞留、信息异步在合作探究中的体现,以及个体认知与群体认知在信息交互过程中的动态演化。

To carry out collaborative inquiry activities with virtual manipulatives based on mobile devices,we need to consider the design of resource allocation and external support.The proportion of virtual manipulatives and the supply of external scripts constitute the technology affordance of this study.In order to explore the influence of technology supply on inquiry effect and cognitive load,a quasi-educational experiment with three factor mixed experimental design was designed.Among them,scientific inquiry activities(refraction of light,simple circuit,electromagnetic induction)were the internal factors,and device-student ratios of virtual manipulatives(1∶1 and 1∶m)and external scripts(with and without)were the inter factors.Through repeated measures ANOVA and collaborative video conversation analysis,we found that:the inquiry effect of 1:m condition is better than that of 1∶1 condition;the effect of providing external scripts is better;the cognitive load of 1∶m condition is higher than that of 1∶1 condition.Finally,based on the characteristics of scientific collaborative inquiry,this study discussed the essential rule of technology affordance acting on collaborative inquiry from the perspective of information interaction.This study proposed information source and information flow to elaborate information circulation,information retention,and information asynchrony in collaborative inquiries.The dynamic evolution of individual cognition and group cognition in the process of information interaction was also discussed.