农业科技扶贫的多维效应:增收、扶智与扶志——基于陕西省821份农户调研数据

Multi-dimensional Effects of Poverty Alleviation by Agricultural Science and Technology on Income and Will-wisdom——Based on the Survey Data of 821 Farmers in Shaanxi Province

本文基于扶贫与扶智、扶志相协同的视角,阐释了农业科技扶贫促进贫困减缓的理论机制,并运用倾向得分匹配(PSM)法和陕西省科技扶贫重点县域821份调研数据,实证分析了农业科技扶贫的多维效应及减贫效应的组间差异。研究发现,农业科技扶贫能够显著促进贫困地区家庭收入、农技水平及持久脱贫信心的提升,具有增收、扶智和扶志的多维减贫效应,但不同科技扶贫模式的减贫效应存在异质性。同时,与非贫困户相比,参与农业科技扶贫对贫困家庭具有明显的增收效应和扶智效应,但在持久脱贫信心方面成效并不显著。本文研究的政策意义在于推进农业科技扶贫,是贫困地区家庭增加收入水平、提升生产技能并增强内生脱贫动力,从而实现扶贫与扶智扶志协同推进的重要路径。

Based on the perspective of the coordination of increasing income and will-wisdom assistance, this article explains the theoretical mechanism of poverty alleviation by agricultural science and technology, and uses the propensity score matching method to conduct empirical analysis about Multi-dimensional effects and differences in poverty reduction effects with individual characteristics based on 821 farms survey data from Shaanxi Province. The research finds that poverty alleviation by agricultural science and technology can significantly promote the improvement of family income, agricultural technology skills, and confidence in escaping poverty forever. And the poverty reduction effects of different technological poverty alleviation models are heterogeneous. Besides, the poverty alleviation effects of agricultural science and technology on poverty-stricken households is less than the non-poor households, and it has no significant motivational effect on the poor household. The significance of the policies in this article is that advancing poverty reduction through agricultural science and technology may be an important way to increase the income of families, enhance production skills, and enhance the motivation for endogenous poverty alleviation to achieve the coordinated advancement of income poverty alleviation and will-wisdom poverty alleviation.