2-氨基吡啶在构建五元、六元氮稠环合成中的应用

Application of 2-Aminopyridines in the Synthesis of Five-and Six-Membered Azaheterocycles

2-氨基吡啶是一类重要的合成子,具有独特的双亲核结构,可与酮、醛、酸、多官能团酯类以及卤代芳烃等化合物反应,以构建五元、六元含氮稠杂环.近年来,基于2-氨基吡啶的成环反应倍受关注.鉴于此,以底物种类为分类依据,重点综述了近5年来基于2-氨基吡啶构建咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶、吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶合成方法的研究进展,总结了其在有机合成方法学、药物合成和荧光探针等领域的应用,并展望了基于2-氨基吡啶的绿色化成环及其应用的未来发展趋势.

2-Aminopyridine is a significant synthetic synthon,with unique dual nucleophilic structure.It can react with ketones,aldehydes,acids,multifunctional esters,halogenated aromatics and other compounds to synthesize five-and six-member azaheterocycles.In recent years,the cyclization reactions based on 2-aminopyridines have been under the spotlight.According to the different types of substrates,the research progress on the synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines based on 2-aminopyridines in the past 5 years is reviewed,and its applications in organic synthesis methodology,drug synthesis and fluorescent probes are summarized.Furthermore,the development trend of green cyclization and its application based on 2-aminopyridines in the future are prospected.