杉木不同无性系种子品质分析及综合评价

Seed Quality Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Different Clones of Cunninghamia lanceolata

为揭示杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)无性系种子园种子品质特征及遗传变异规律,筛选优良种质,从而提高种子园营建水平,从杉木种子发芽特性(发芽率、霉变率、发芽势、发芽指数、发芽持续时间和发芽时间),优良程度(优良度、空粒率和涩粒率)和生物量(千粒重)3个方面对2代种子园16个无性系进行了10项品质性状的研究。结果表明,各品质性状间具有一定程度的相关性,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、发芽持续时间和发芽时间之间均达到极显著正相关;优良度与空粒率、涩粒率均达到极显著负相关;千粒重与发芽时间达到显著正相关。不同无性系间各品质性状均存在显著遗传差异,发芽势、发芽率变异系数较大,千粒重次之,优良度变异系数最小。通过综合评定法选择出5个品质优良的无性系(BJ 3、BJ 5、BJ 1、BJ 9和BJ 2),筛选的优良无性系可为杉木种子园营建和产业化发展提供优质种质材料。

To reveal the characteristics of seed quality and genetic variation of Cunninghamia lanceolata clone seeds from orchards, and to screen excellent germplasm, so as to achieve the goal of improving seed orchards construction level, 10 quality traits of 16 clones in second-generation seed orchards were studied from three aspects, namely seed germination characteristics including germination rate, mildew rate, germination potential, germination index, germination duration and germination time, degree of excellence including excellent degree, empty seed rate and dry seed rate and biomass including 1 000-seed weight. The results showed that there was a certain degree of correlation among the quality traits, and the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, germination duration and germination time were significantly positively correlated. And, there was a significant negative correlation between the excellent degree and empty grain rate and dry grain rate while there was a significant positive correlation between 1 000-seed weight and germination time. In addition, there were significant genetic differences in quality traits among different clones, and the variation coefficient of germination potential and germination rate was larger, followed by 1 000-seed weight, and the variation coefficient of goodness was the least. Five clones(BJ 3, BJ 5, BJ 1, BJ 9 and BJ 2) with high quality were selected by comprehensive evaluation method, and these selected clones can provide high quality germplasm materials for Chinese fir seed orchard construction and industrial development.