文旅资本下乡效率研究——基于可行能力的农户福利变化实证

Research on the efficiency of cultural tourism capital going to the countryside:An empirical study of changes in farm household welfare based on feasible capability model

文旅资本下乡是乡村振兴进程中鲜明的IP。以浙江省杭州市的A级景区村为样本地,基于阿玛蒂亚·森的可行能力分析框架,通过对文旅资本下乡前后农户福利变化的实证,进而反观文旅资本在下乡进程中的效率。结果显示:其一,居住条件、经济状况、心理健康与公共服务等一级功能指标大多呈现正向改变态势,证实了文旅资本在下乡进程中相对高效的一面。其二,二级功能指标中,改善幅度较大的有社会保障、卫生、农居住房、交通可进入性以及发展信心,表明文旅资本显著推动了新农村建设的进程,农户在乡村文旅发展中的角色定位发生了重要变化。其三,尽管文旅资本推动了村容村貌的改善,但在发展中带来的环境污染俨然成为一种"负效应",调整并规范资本在文化旅游的可持续发展中的作用,刻不容缓。

Cultural tourism capital going to the countryside is a distinctive intellectual property in the process of rural revitalization.Taking Class A scenic villages in Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province as the sample site,based on Amartya Sen′s feasible capability analysis framework,the efficiency of cultural tourism capital in the process of going to the countryside was explored through the empirical analysis of the changes in farm household welfare before and after the cultural tourism capital went to the countryside.The results show:Firstly,most of the first-level indicators such as living conditions,economic status,mental health and public service show a positive change,which demonstrates the relatively high efficiency of cultural tourism capital in the process of going to the countryside.Secondly,among the secondary indicators,social security,sanitation,rural housing,transportation accessibility,and development confidence have improved significantly,indicating that cultural tourism capital has significantly promoted the process of new rural construction.The role positioning of farm households in the development of rural cultural tourism has undergone very important changes.Thirdly,although cultural tourism capital has promoted the improvement of the appearance of the village,the environmental pollution caused by the development has become a"negative effect".It is urgent to adjust and regulate the role of capital in the sustainable development of cultural tourism.