一种空天飞行器集成化遥外安系统设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Integrated Telemetry and Tracking Safety-Control System for Aerospace Vehicle

某空天飞行器为追求极高升阻比,导致其舱内安装空间十分有限,这就要求飞行器舱内各分系统满足体积小、质量轻、功耗低的现实需求,因此设计了一种集成化遥测/外测/安控系统。该系统将遥测的数据采集、发射通过模块化耦合为一体,将传统的外测应答机与安控指令接收机采用综合射频电子技术进行一体化设计;在软件架构上,采编器和遥测综合器之间采用主从通信方式进行传感器数据传输,减小信号受电磁环境干扰;对飞控系统1553B的关键时序指令采用记忆延时重发方法,解决了火焰干扰导致的遥测数据可靠接收问题;外测安控一体机数字终端采用软件无线电可配置的方式进行设计,形成了一种通用化软、硬件架构。该遥外安分系统具有质量轻、体积小、功耗低和集成化程度高的特点,满足该飞行器功能及结构要求,且可快速适配空天飞行器遥外安系统需求的特点,具有较好的工程应用前景。

An aerospace vehicle pursues a very high lift-to-drag ratio,which results in very limited installation space in its cabin.This requires the various subsystems in the cabin to meet the practical needs of small size,light weight,and low power consumption.Therefore,a design of integrated telemetry and tracking safety-control system is proposed,which integrates the telemetry data acquisition and transmitter through modularization.And the system integrates the traditional external measurement transponder and safety-control receiver with integrated RF electronic technology.In terms of software design,the master-slave communication is adopted to transmit the sensor data between the acquisition editor and the telemetry synthesizer to reduce the electromagnetic interference from the electromagnetic environment.The memory delay retransmission method is used for the key timing instructions of flight control system 1553 B,which can solve the problem of reliable receiving of telemetry data caused by flame interference.The digital terminal of tracking safety-control machine is designed in a configurable way of software radio,forming a universal software and hardware architecture.The remote security subsystem has the characteristics of light weight,small volume,low power consumption and high integration,which meets the requirements of the function and structure of this vehicle,and can quickly adapt to the needs of the remote security system of the aerospace vehicle.This technology has a good application prospect and promotion value.