基于加权最小二乘法的低压配电台区拓扑自动识别方法

Automatic Recognition Method of Topology of Low-voltage Station Area Based on Weighted Least Squares Method

低压配电台区的拓扑关系信息对线损分析、窃电预警、故障定位以及优化运行等方面都具有重要意义。针对目前低压配电台区拓扑关系缺失或不准确问题,本文首先基于高级量测体系,建立了支持低压配电台区拓扑识别的系统架构。然后,提出了基于加权最小二乘的低压配电台区拓扑识别方法,该方法需要采集多时段的变压器低压拓展采集单元和用户侧智能电表的有功电流值,并根据电流值数据建立最小二乘法求解拓扑关系的矩阵方程,对时间较近的数据施加较大的权重,以达到能够尽早发现发生改变的拓扑关系的目的。最后,本文还提出了反映加权最小二乘法计算性能的拓扑改变发现率指标以及反映测量误差忍受限度的允许误差率指标,并在算例仿真中依据这些指标对本文所提识别方法进行了分析。

The topological relationship information of low-voltage distribution station area is of great significance for such aspects as line loss analysis,tamper warning,fault location and optimal operation.In view of such problem as missing or inaccurate topological relations in the present low-voltage distribution station area,the system structure supporting the topology identification of low-voltage distribution station on the basis of the advanced measurement system is set up firstly in this paper.Then,a topology identification method for low-voltage distribution station area based on weighted least squares is proposed,which needs to collect the active current of the transformer low-voltage expansion acquisition unit and the user-side smart meter for multiple periods and the matrix equation for solving the topological relationship by least squares method in accordance with the current data is set up.The greater weight is applied to the data with shorter time in order to achieve the purpose of discovering the changed topological relationship as soon as possible.Finally,the topological changing discovery rate index reflecting weighted least square calculation performance and the allowable error rate index reflecting the tolerance limit of measurement error are proposed in this paper and the recognition method proposed in this paper is analyzed in accordance with these indexes in the example simulation.