同色兜兰叶片内源激素变化与开花关系研究

Relationship Between Endogenous Hormone Changes and Flowering in the Leaves of Paphiopedilum concolor

近些年兜兰产业发展迅速,但花期调控难成为限制兜兰产业发展的瓶颈。以较易开花的同色兜兰为试验材料,观测各时期功能叶长和宽及花朵发育的形态变化,并采用酶联免疫法检测功能叶片内源激素的变化动态,分析它们与花发育的关系。结果表明:(1)同色兜兰花苞显现期,功能叶具有高水平的ZR和低水平的IAA,以利于成花分化;(2)在激素平衡研究中发现,顶芽从营养生长向生殖生长转换时(大苗期),功能叶具有高比值的IAA/GA3、ABA/GA3和低比值的ZR/ABA、ZR/IAA;(3)成花形态分化时(花苞显现期),功能叶具有低比值的IAA/ABA、IAA/GA3和高比值的ZR/GA3、ZR/IAA;(4)大苗期、花苞显现期内源激素水平和比值对同色兜兰花芽诱导和花芽正常分化具有重要影响。

In the recent years,the Paphiopedilum orchid industry has developed rapidly.However,the flowering regulation has become the bottleneck restricting the development of the industry.P.concolor,which is easy to bloom,was used as the experiment materials in the paper,the length and width of the functional leaves and the morphological changes of the flowers were observed,and the changes of endogenous hormones in the functional leaves were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay to provide a theoretical basis for the flowering regulation.The functional leaves had high content of ZR and low content of IAA at the bud development stage,which were beneficial to inducing the bud differentiation.In the study of hormone balance,it was found that the functional leaves had high ratio of IAA/GA3 and ABA/GA3 and low ratio of ZR/ABA and ZR/IAA when the terminal bud was transformed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth(large seedling stage).During floral morphological differentiation(bud development stage),the functional leaves had low ratio of IAA/ABA,IAA/GA3 and high ratio of ZR/GA3 and ZR/IAA.The content and ratios of the source hormones at seedling stage and bud development stage had important effects on bud induction and bud differentiation.