铸牢中华民族共同体意识视域下民族地区深入推普的思考——语言与国家治理系列研究之二

Study on In-depth Popularization of Mandarin in Minority Area from Perspective of Creating a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation——The Second Paper of Series of the Study of Language and Governance

语言不通就难以沟通,不沟通就难以达成理解、形成认同。坚定不移地推广普及国家通用语言文字,是推动各民族交往交流交融,增进各族群众“五个认同”,铸牢中华民族共同体意识的必然要求。本研究将普通话推广置于铸牢中华民族共同体意识这一国家民族工作主线的框架下,分别从工具特性、制度属性、文化的载体与本质、人力资本效应四个方面分析普通话推广助推铸牢中华民族共同体意识的内在逻辑,结合我国推普工作取得的成效及存在问题,着重基于铸牢中华民族共同体视角剖析我国民族地区深入推普面临的矛盾和困境,并从普通话与民族语言之间的均衡、规模化普及向高质量普及的转变、语言治理和国家治理的融合、规律性和异质性的统筹兼顾四个维度提出了民族地区深入推普的思路和路径,为“十四五”期间我国民族地区普通话推广普及政策的调整和完善,夯实铸牢中华民族共同体意识的共同语基础提供理论支撑和依据。

It is self-evident that understanding and the formation of identity can be fragmented by language barrier.Constancy popularization of mandarin is crucial to promote the communication,exchange and integration among ethnic groups,to enhance the“Five Identities”of ethnic people,and to create a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.This paper puts mandarin popularization under the framework of building up the community consciousness of the Chinese nation,which is the main line of national ethnic work,and analyzes the internal logic of mandarin popularization in promoting creating a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation from the perspective of the characteristics of tools,institutional attributes,carrier and essence of culture,human capital effect.Then,based on the achievements and problems of mandarin popularization in China,this paper analyzes the contradictions and difficulties of mandarin popularization in ethnic areas in China,and then put forward the solution and path of in-depth popularization of mandarin through four dimensions,namely,balancing mandarin and ethnic language,transformation from large-scale to high-quality popularization,integration of language and country governance,and overall consideration between the regularity and heterogeneity of mechanism from the perspective of creating a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.In this way,we can provide theoretical basis and support for the adjustment and improvement of mandarin popularization policy in ethnic areas during the“fourteenth five-year plan”period and the consolidation of the common language foundation of the Chinese national community consciousness.