城市污水处理中病原微生物污染状况及潜在风险的研究进展

Research progress on pollution status and potential risks of pathogenic microorganisms in urban wastewater treatment processes

随着中国城市化和工业化的不断发展,污水排放量逐年增加,污水处理中病原微生物污染及潜在风险也呈升高趋势,但污水处理过程中病原微生物的污染特征、传播途径、暴露风险等尚不明晰。为此,系统总结了国内外污水中病原微生物特征、污染情况及污水排放标准,分析了污水处理过程中病原微生物可能的传播途径与暴露风险,探讨了现有污水病原微生物去除技术等方面的研究成果,并对未来的研究方向提出展望,以期为污水处理过程中病原微生物的风险防控及政策制定提供理论依据和科学指导。

With the development of China’s urbanization and industrialization,wastewater discharge is increasing rapidly.Meanwhile,the pollution status and potential risks of pathogenic microorganisms in urban wastewater treatment are also elevating.However,the characteristics,transmission and exposure risks of pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater treatment processes are not clear.Hence,this paper comprehensively summarized the characteristics,pollution status of pathogenic microorganisms and wastewater discharge standards in domestic and foreign wastewater plants,analyzed the possible transmission pathways and exposure risks,explored the existing wastewater disinfection technologies,and proposed future prospects of research.The discussion was expected to provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for risk control and policy making of pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater treatment processes.