2015年和2019年北京市中小学生含乳饮料消费情况对比分析

Comparative analysis on the consumption of milk beverages among primary and middle school students in Beijing between in 2015 and 2019

目的了解北京市中小学生含乳饮料消费和变化情况。方法利用2015年和2019年北京市中小学生营养与健康状况的监测数据,分析调查对象调查前1周消费含乳饮料的总次数、平均每次消费量。结果2015年共监测3694名学生,含乳饮料消费率为37.5%;在消费含乳饮料的学生中,消费频率≥1次/天的比例为10.0%,日均消费量中位数为50.0ml、P 95为276.3 mL。2019年共监测3841名学生,消费率降为33.1%;在消费含乳饮料的学生中,消费频率≥1次/天的比例降为6.7%,日均消费量中位数降为42.9 mL、P 95降为232.4 mL;上述各指标在两年之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2015年女生消费率高于男生、郊区高于城区;在消费含乳饮料的学生中,高年级日均消费量高于低年级、郊区高于城区;上述差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2019年的特点与2015年相同。在性别、年级、地区各分组中均呈2019年消费率低于2015年的特点。在消费含乳饮料的学生中,低年级、郊区学生消费频率≥1次/天的比例均呈2019年低于2015年的特点;男生、女生、低年级、城区、郊区学生的日均消费量均呈2019年低于2015年的特点。上述各指标在两年之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与2015年相比,2019年北京市中小学生含乳饮料消费虽呈下降趋势,但仍须开展有针对性的营养健康教育。

Objective To understand the consumption and changes of milk beverages among primary and middle school students in Beijing.Methods The data for the study were obtained from the Nutrition and Health Status Monitoring of Beijing Primary and Secondary School Students in 2015 and 2019.Analyze the total number of times and average consumption of milk beverages consumed by the respondents one week before the survey.Results In 2015,a total of 3694 students were monitored.The consumption rate of milk beverages was 37.5%.Among the students who consumed milk beverages,10%of respondents consumed milk beverages more than once a day,and the median consumption of milk beverages per student per day was 50.0 mL and P 95 was 276.3 mL.In 2019,a total of 3841 students were monitored.The consumption rate dropped to 33.1%.Among the students who consumed milk beverages,6.7%of respondents consumed milk beverages more than once a day,and the median daily consumption decreased to 42.9 mL,P 95 decreased to 232.4 mL.The differences of the above indicators between 2015 and 2019 were statistically significant(P<0.05).In 2015,the consumption rate of female students was higher than that of male students,and that of suburban students was higher than that of urban students.Among the students who consumed milk beverages,the average daily consumption of milk beverages in senior students was higher than that in junior students,and the average daily consumption of students in suburban areas was higher than that in urban areas.These differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The characteristics of milk beverages consumption among respondents with different demographic characteristics in 2019 were the same as those in 2015.The consumption rate of the respondents in 2019 was lower than that in 2015 in terms of gender,grade and region.Among the students who consumed milk beverages,the proportion of lower grade students who consumed milk beverages more than once a day in 2019 was lower than that in 2015,and so were students in suburban areas.Among the students who consumed milk beverages,the average daily consumption of male students in 2019 was lower than that in 2015,as were female students,lower grade students,urban students and suburban students.The differences of the above indicators between 2015 and 2019 were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with 2015,although the consumption of milk beverages among primary and middle school students in Beijing showed a downward trend in 2019,targeted nutrition and health education should be still needed.