头颈部鳞状细胞癌中肿瘤干细胞生物标记物的研究进展

Research progress of cancer stem cell biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)主要包括唇癌、口腔癌、口咽癌、唾液腺癌、下咽癌、喉癌等,其患病率位列全球恶性肿瘤第6位,并且每年新发确诊病例超过80万例[1]。由于HNSCC预后不良,特别是晚期HNSCC治疗后常存在局部复发及远端器官的转移,具有较高死亡率[2],生存率的改善并不乐观,因此亟待寻求一种新的方法对HNSCC进行早发现、早诊断、早治疗以期改善预后。

Cancer stem cells(CSCs), as a few amount of tumors, have infinite replication, self-renewal, differentiation and regeneration of cell subsets with tumorigenicity, have close relationship with tumor occurrence and recurrence, which can be found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC). One of the important measures to improve the patient prognosis is monitoring cancer stem cells and timely clinical intervention. Biomarker detection of cancer stem cells is an important method for clinical monitoring of cancer stem cells. This article reviews the biomarkers of CSCs in HNSCC, which is consist of membrane surface markers, non-coding RNAs, target genes and proteins.