日光温室黄瓜不同连作茬次土壤的中量与微量元素含量变化

Changes of Soil Medium Elements and Trace Elements in Different Continuous Cropping of Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse

为探究日光温室黄瓜长期连作条件下土壤的中量和微量元素含量的变化规律,采用品种、栽培方式、水肥管理、植株管理、环境管理和病虫害防治均一致的管理模式,在同一个日光温室获得了黄瓜2~26茬的连作土壤,并研究其中量和微量元素的变化。结果表明:随着连作茬次的增加,土壤中交换性钙、交换性镁以及交换性钙占全钙的百分比整体表现出降低的趋势,与第2茬相比,第26茬分别降低了8.5%、25.8%和53.2%;而土壤全钙则整体呈先升高后降低再升高的变化趋势,与第2茬相比,第26茬升高了95.9%,土壤全镁和交换性镁占全镁的百分比与第2茬无显著性差异;土壤有效铜、有效锌和有效钼出现了一定程度的富集,与第2茬相比,第26茬分别增加了33.9%、87.3%和221.7%;土壤有效铁、有效锰和有效硼含量随着连作茬次的增加呈现波动性变化,且第26茬与第2茬无显著性差异。总体而言,日光温室黄瓜连作土壤各中量和微量元素的综合水平在2~8茬逐渐增加,而后出现每6个茬次为1个周期的先升高后降低的变化趋势。

In order to explore the change rule of soil medium elements and trace elements content in the condition of long-term continuous cropping of cucumber in solar greenhouse,soil for continuous cropping of cucumber with 2–26 crops were obtained in the solar greenhouse,and the change characteristics of the medium elements and trace elements in the soil were studied. The management patterns of cucumber varieties,cultivation methods,water and fertilizer management,plant management,environmental management and pest control were adopted in the same way. The results showed that soil exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and the percentage of exchangeable calcium in total calcium decreased with the increase of continuous cropping of cucumber in solar greenhouse. Compared with the 2 nd crop,soil exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and the ratio of exchangeable calcium in total calcium decreased by 8.5%,25.8% and 53.2% in the 26 th crop respectively. Compared with the 2 nd crop,the soil total calcium increased by 95.9% in the 26 th crop,and total magnesium the ratio of exchangeable magnesium in total magnesium had no significant difference between the 2 nd crop and the 26 th crop. Soil available copper,zinc and molybdenum were enriched to a certain extent. Compared with the 2 nd crop,the 26 th crop soil available copper,zinc and molybdenum increased by 33.9%,87.3% and 221.7%,respectively. The contents of soil available iron,available manganese and available boron fluctuated with the increase of continuous cropping,and there was no significant difference between the 26 th and the 2 nd crop. In general,the comprehensive level of the various medium elements and trace elements in the soil of different continuous cropping cucumber gradually increased from 2–8 crops,and then there was a change cycle of first increasing and then decreasing every six crops in the solar greenhouse.