现代日语字训异读现象中的语义重构路径研究

Research on the Semantic Reconstruction of Word-Kun-Imparity-Reading

字训异读现象是日语中一种比较特殊的字与训的搭配法,不是按照汉字应有的音读或训读来标注注音假名,而是依作者的表达需要创造出的临时性、解释性、个性化的用法。用同义的外来语标注汉字部分,如「麦酒」(b?ru),或用同义的和语词来标注汉语词,如「拘泥」(kodawari),这种字训异读方式相对简单而固定,主要起到了"视觉装饰效果"。而像「女性」(sakura)「女性軍團」(amazonesu)这样用不同义的词来训读汉字的字训异读方式,则使汉字部分的词义在一定程度上发生了变化,实现了语义重构。语义重构的路径按照语义的激活模式来看可以分为一次激活模式和二次激活模式,前者主要通过单纯隐喻或转喻的手法来实现,而后者则是隐喻与转喻共同作用的结果。

Word-Kun-Imparity-Reading is a special collocation of Word and Kun in Japanese. It is not to mark phonetic pseudonyms according to the dictionary pronunciation of Chinese characters, but to create a temporary, explanatory and personalized usage according to the author’s expression needs. Using synonymous loanwords to mark Chinese characters, such as "b?ru", or using synonymous Japanese words to mark Chinese words, such as "kodawari", is relatively simple and fixed,which mainly plays a "visual decoration effect". However, expressions such as "sakura", and "amazonesu", using nonsynonymous words to mark pronunciation, makes the meaning of Chinese characters change to a certain extent and realizes semantic reconstruction. The path of semantic reconstruction can be divided into one time activation mode and secondary activation mode according to the activation mode of semantics. The former is mainly realized by simple metaphor or metonymy, while the latter is the result of the interaction of metaphor and metonymy.