基于增量考核的飞机延寿方法与应用

Aircraft life extension based on incremental assessment:Method and application

为深度挖掘老龄飞机的寿命潜力,提出并应用了基于增量考核的飞机延寿方法。以寿命增量考核为主线,围绕定基点、再更新、获增量展开。通过将体现飞机使用严重程度的当量飞行小时作为延寿基点,科学处理了老龄飞机已消耗寿命。开展4种不同状态到寿飞机的深度拆毁与损伤评估,全面掌握机体疲劳关键薄弱部位,确立机体结构修理基点。建立以疲劳薄弱部位耐久性修理为核心、关键部位新型增材修复、隐蔽区域高精度损伤检测为支撑的规范性飞机延寿大修技术体系。以较小的重量代价,大幅改善了机体结构原有疲劳品质,实现对累积损伤"清零"与结构状态"统一",消除所有影响飞行安全的隐患与故障,实现了对机体结构的"再更新"。进而通过全尺寸疲劳试验系统验证更新飞机的寿命增量,形成了完整的飞机结构修理与延寿相结合的技术体系。

In order to maximize the life potential of aging aircraft,an aircraft life extension method based on increment assessment is proposed and applied.Taking the life increment assessment as the main way,we study the basic point of life extension,renew the structure and get the life increment.By using the equivalent flying hours which reflect the severity of the aircraft as the base point of life extension,the ageing aircraft has been scientifically treated.To carry out the deep demolition and damage assessment of 4 kinds of aircraft from different status to life,master the key parts of fatigue,and establish the base point of structural repair.The technical system of extended service life of aircraft is established,which is based on the durability repair of weak parts of fatigue and the additive manufacturing repair in key parts and high precision damage detection in concealed areas.At the lower weight cost,the original fatigue quality of the body structure is greatly improved,the accumulated damage is“cleared”,the structure state“unified”,all the hidden troubles and faults affecting the flight safety are eliminated,and the structure of the body is“re-updated”.Then,drawing on the structural repair and life extension of the aircraft,the life increment of the aircraft is verified and a complete technical system is formed through the full-size fatigue test system,