发现与发明:“朱子《家礼》真伪”话题考

Discovery and Invention: Debates on Authenticity and Falsity of Zhu Xi’s Familial Rites

宋代,朱子《家礼》一书的面世过程是一个具有开头、中间与结尾的连贯性故事,包含着朱熹写书、被窃以及录书、刻书等情节。朱熹弟子们在叙述整个故事的进程时,只陈事实,对别人的讲说不提异议或形成某种交集。元代,部分学者保持着《家礼》为朱子"未定之书"的看法,部分学者则将之演绎成《家礼》"非朱子之书"的说法,两种观点的持有者隔着时间的距离交换着彼此的意见、立场与思想。当现代学者将之表述为"真伪问题"时,颇具判断性术语的引入,使得问题不断话题化。当相关话题进行到某一程度时,很可能就会变成一种陈词滥调式的复述,但是,话题中答案的固定性是将大量的历史信息得以秩序化的方法,从而使之成为认知手段,并产生学术意义。

The present paper textually delineates the history of debates on whether Zhu Xi’s Jiali(Familial Rites)was an authentic work. Zhu’s disciples merely narrated entire story of Jiali. In Yuan,some held that Jiali was one of Zhu’s unfinalized manuscript whereas some denied Zhu’s authorship of Jiali. Modern scholars had Jiali topicalized by judging Jiali’s authenticity and falsity. Gradually,this modern reconstruction was stereotyped. Nevertheless,it was in this course that scholarly significance was created.