当前学前教育资源扩大的重大政策突破:我国省级公办性质园政策探索与分析

The Important Policy Breakthroughs in the Expansion of Early Childhood Education Resources:Analysis on the Current Policy Exploration of Public-nature Kindergartens of Provinces in China

当前,基本实现社会主义现代化、乡村振兴战略与三孩生育政策实施,亟需快速有效扩大普惠性学前教育资源,加快建设学前教育公共服务体系。公办性质幼儿园是我国普惠性学前教育资源的重要组成部分,近年随着贯彻落实"央九条",不少省份适时、突破性地明确了公办性质园也是"公办园"的性质定位,并围绕其体制机制改革和政策制度进行了积极探索,取得了不少进展,但尚存在一些问题亟待破解。本研究对我国东中西部15个省份的省级公办性质园政策进行了深入研究,着重从性质定位、管理体制、投入机制和教师政策制度四个方面,深入探讨了当前我国省级公办性质园政策改革探索的特点、突破及其经验,并进一步分析其存在的主要问题,提出了对未来改革重点的思考,以期为我国公办性质园体制机制改革和政策完善提供借鉴和启示。

Currently,the implementations of preliminary realization of socialist modernization,Rural Revitalization Strategy and"Three-child policy"require rapid and effective expansion of the inclusive early childhood education resources,and to accelerate the construction of the public service system of early childhood education.As an important part of inclusive early childhood education resources in China,many provinces have clearly confirmed that the public-nature kindergartens are actually"public kindergartens";and actively been making reforms on institutional mechanism and policy system,which achieved much progress,although there are some problems to be solved.Based on an in-depth study on the provincial public-nature kindergarten policies reform explorations in 15 eastern,central and western provinces,the paper elaborates its characteristics,breakthroughs and experiences,focusing on the nature orientation,administrative system,investment mechanism and teacher policy system.And it furthermore points out the main problems and puts forward to thoughts on the key areas for future reforms,in order to provide references for promoting the institutional mechanism reform and policy improvement of the public-nature kindergartens.