我国各省学前教育资源的均衡性与充分性分析——基于2013-2018年省级层面的“面板数据”

How to Solve the Imbalance and Inadequacy of Preschool Education in China:Based on 2013-2018 Panel Data at the Provincial Level in China

当前我国学前教育事业发展主要面临两大方面难题:一是"不平衡"难题,主要是城镇乡之间的区域不平衡和东、中、西部地区之间的地域不平衡,特别是后者问题更为严峻。二是"不充分"难题,主要表现为幼儿园教师学历结构建设、职称优化建设与培训质量建设的不充分。为破解不平衡、不充分难题,就必须要坚定"办好让人民满意的学前教育"的根本宗旨不动摇,特别是以"特惠"先行为抓手,大力推进两项路径创新,包括建立"特惠"贫困家庭幼儿的中国版"早期开端"计划和"特惠"幼儿园教师的"学习休假制度"。

At present,China’s preschool education is facing two major problems.The first is the problem of"imbalance",mainly the regional imbalance between cities,towns and rural areas and regional imbalance between east part,middle part and west part,especially the latter problem is more serious.Secondly,the problem of"inadequacy"is mainly manifested in the inadequate construction of kindergarten teachers’educational background,professional ranks and titles and teacher in-service training curriculum quality.In order to solve the problems of imbalance and inadequacy,we must firmly adhere to the fundamental purpose of"running good preschool education to satisfy the people",especially by"preferential"first action,and vigorously promote the innovation of the two paths.Firstly,the"Head Start"plan of the Chinese version of kindergartens for children from poor families should be established.Secondly,the establishment of"preferential"kindergarten teachers’learning vacation system.