指导特殊儿童绘本阅读的有效策略——基于对三类特殊儿童绘本阅读影响因素的调查分析

Effective Strategies for Guiding Exceptional Children in Picture Book Reading:An Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Picture Book Reading on Three Types of Exceptional Children

为教师和家长指导特殊儿童绘本阅读提供有效的服务和指导,是当前特殊教育向融合、平等、开放、支持趋势发展的新要求之一。通过对智力障碍、听力障碍和自闭症三类特殊儿童进行调查,探讨这些特殊儿童家庭绘本阅读的影响因素,并对相关数据进行分析得出如下结论:三类障碍儿童对家庭绘本的选择存在着一定的共性及差异,家庭绘本共读活动情况良好,但三类障碍儿童家庭绘本阅读投入不足;三类障碍儿童家庭绘本共读策略、共读态度、共读兴趣越高,特殊儿童的阅读水平越高;三类障碍儿童家庭绘本阅读时间、频率和家庭年购买绘本数量越高,特殊儿童的阅读能力越强。因此,教师和家长在对这三类障碍儿童提供绘本阅读指导时,应针对不同障碍特点制定适宜的指导方案,以有效的策略、积极的态度、良好的兴趣促进其阅读水平的提升,保障家庭阅读的全方位投入,以推动特殊儿童阅读能力的发展。

It is providing effective services and guidance for teachers and parents to instruct exceptional children in picture book reading;that is one of the new requirements of the current trend of special education toward integration,equality,openness,and support. A survey has been made about three types of exceptional children with dysgnosia,dysaudia and autism,in which the influencing factors of the family picture book reading has been explored on those children. There are conclusions after the relevant data analysis: a) there are certain commonalities and differences in choosing family picture books by those children’s parents,and they have a good atmosphere for but insufficient input of family picture book reading;b) The higher the strategy,attitude and interest of reading family picture books together,the higher the reading level of the three types of exceptional children;c) with more time,higher frequency of reading these books and more books purchased annually by those families,the reading ability of their children becomes stronger. Therefore,when providing picture book reading instruction to the three types of exceptional children,teachers and parents should develop appropriate instructional programs for different children. To promote their reading levels, they should adopt effective strategies,positive attitudes,and good interests. Consequently,it can guarantee all-round family reading input to develop the exceptional children’s reading ability.