非规则轴承故障的动力学建模与仿真

Dynamic modeling and simulation of irregular bearing failure

针对现有轴承故障研究大多将故障简化为矩形凹槽或圆形凹坑等规则形状,与实际故障形貌存在较大差别的问题,以航空发动机转子系统为研究对象,从滚动轴承的实际故障形貌和复杂转子系统中主轴轴承易失效的客观实际出发,提出了非规则轴承故障的表征方法,并将其引入单转子-轴承系统动力学模型,建立了轴承内外圈非规则故障模型。利用数值计算的方法对含故障轴承转子系统的振动响应进行了分析,并研究了系统轴承在内外圈含有矩形故障和非规则故障的情况下,故障的周向宽度和深度对系统振动的影响规律。针对滚动轴承内外圈中存在的故障轴承损伤,制作了不同位置、大小的故障轴承,并将其引入转子系统开展试验研究,采集了不同旋转频率和故障尺寸下的系统振动数据,通过与数值仿真结果的比较,充分验证了非规则轴承故障动力学模型的正确性。

Most of the existing bearing failure researches simplified the failure to regular shapes such as rectangular grooves or circular pits, which were quite different from the actual failure morphology, taking the aero-engine rotor system as the research object, starting from the actual fault morphology of the rolling bearing and the objective reality of the main shaft bearing being prone to failure in the complex rotor system, a method for characterizing the irregular bearing fault was proposed and introduced into the single rotor-bearing system dynamic model, and the irregular failure model of bearing inner and outer rings was established. Using the method of numerical calculation, the vibration response of the rotor system with faults was analyzed, and the influence of the circumferential width and depth of the faults on the system vibration was studied when the system bearings contained rectangular faults and irregular faults in the inner and outer rings. Finally, for the fault damage existing in the inner and outer rings of the rolling bearing, fault bearings with different positions and sizes were made and introduced into the rotor system to conduct experimental research, and the system vibration data at different rotation frequencies and fault sizes were collected. The comparison with the numerical simulation results fully verified the correctness of the irregular bearing failure dynamic model.