行为改变轮理论在戒毒康复工作中的应用研究

Research on the Application of Behaviour Change Wheel in Drug Rehabilitation Work

现今,国家持续加强禁毒工作,积极推进戒毒康复工程,但戒毒康复工作中依然存在许多问题,因此有效并且专业地解决这些问题成为禁毒工作中的重点。戒毒康复工作的本质是将吸毒行为改变为能够抵制毒品诱惑的一种行为,对此可以通过行为改变轮理论分析吸毒行为,从专业的角度采取相应的干预措施和干预政策,通过改变能力、机会和动机来改变行为,进行新的尝试。本文对戒毒康复工作中针对吸毒人员的行为干预方法进行分析,提出在强制隔离戒毒、社区戒毒、社区康复以及社会工作中存在的问题,并根据行为改变轮理论对问题提出相应的干预方案和干预措施,以期为戒毒康复工作提供多种参考角度,给我国戒毒康复工作的科学化、规范化、健康化带来不同的参考模式。

Nowadays,our country continues to focus on drug control work and actively promotes the rehabilitation project,but there are still many problems in the rehabilitation work.Therefore,effective and professional solutions to these problems become the focus of anti-drug work.The essence of drug rehabilitation work is to change the drug taking behavior into the behavior of resisting drugs.Therefore,it is a new attempt to analyze drug taking behavior through behavior change wheel and adopt corresponding intervention measures and policies from a professional perspective to change the capability,opportunity and motivation in order to change the behavior.This paper analyzes the behavior intervention methods of drug addicts in drug rehabilitation work,points out the problems in compulsory quarantine for drug rehabilitation,community drug treatment,community-based rehabilitation and social work,according to behavior change wheel,and what corresponding intervention plan and measures we can put forward.The theory provides a variety of perspectives for drug rehabilitation work,and brings different reference models for the scientifi c,standardized and healthy drug rehabilitation work in China.